Reference desk
Company profiles
What each service is, who runs it, what it offers and how it works — 18 profiles so far, every fact sourced and dated. Profiles carry no scores; where we have rated a service, the profile links to that review.
Crypto Exchanges
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Binance
Binance is a centralized cryptocurrency exchange, launched in July 2017 by Changpeng Zhao, that offers spot, futures, earn and payment products through Binance.com and its app. Binance.com now runs its regulated activities through three entities licensed in Abu Dhabi Global Market and is closed to US residents, who are served instead by the separate affiliate Binance.US.

Gemini
Gemini is a US cryptocurrency exchange and custodian founded in 2014 by Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss, offering an app, the ActiveTrader platform, custody, staking and a crypto-rewards credit card. Its parent, Gemini Space Station, Inc., has been listed on Nasdaq as GEMI since September 2025, and US customers contract with either Gemini Trust Company, LLC or Gemini Moonbase, LLC depending on their state.

Kraken
Kraken is a centralized cryptocurrency exchange where customers buy, sell, trade and hold crypto through the Kraken app and the Kraken Pro trading platform. It is run by Payward, Inc., a Delaware-incorporated company, through regional subsidiaries such as Payward Interactive in the US and Payward Europe Solutions in the European Economic Area, so the entity, licence and product list you get depend on where you live.
Hardware Wallets
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Ledger Nano Gen5
The Ledger Nano Gen5 is a $179 hardware wallet with an E Ink touchscreen that keeps crypto private keys in a certified secure chip and connects to the Ledger Wallet app (formerly Ledger Live) by USB-C or Bluetooth. It is made by Ledger SAS, a Paris company founded in 2014, which announced the device in October 2025.

Trezor Safe 5
The Trezor Safe 5 is a touchscreen hardware wallet that keeps private keys on the device and signs transactions over USB-C, using an EAL6+ certified secure element to guard the PIN. It is made by Trezor Company s.r.o., the Prague company behind the Trezor brand since 2013, and is used with Trezor's own Suite app or compatible third-party wallets.
Crypto Wallets
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MetaMask
MetaMask is a self-custodial crypto wallet for browsers and phones that holds your keys on your device and connects you to Ethereum-compatible networks, Solana, Bitcoin and TRON. It is developed by Consensys Software Inc., which does business as MetaMask, and the swaps, perps, card and staking features inside it are largely run by third parties.

Phantom
Phantom is a self-custodial crypto wallet for mobile and desktop browsers that started on Solana and now also supports Ethereum, Bitcoin, Base, Polygon, BNB Chain and other networks. It is made by Phantom Technologies, Inc., a venture-backed US company, which says it never has access to user funds, though its Cash account, perps and card features add other providers and country limits.

Trust Wallet
Trust Wallet is a self-custodial multichain crypto wallet for iOS, Android and desktop browsers that keeps your keys on your device and routes swaps, purchases and staking to third-party providers. Binance bought it in 2018 but says it no longer owned or controlled it as of 15 May 2025, and Trust Wallet's terms do not name the legal entity behind it.
Decentralised Exchanges
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Gemini Dollar (GUSD)
Gemini Dollar (GUSD) is a US dollar stablecoin on Ethereum, backed 1:1 by cash, government money market funds and short-dated Treasury bills. It is issued by Gemini Trust Company, LLC, a New York-chartered trust company owned by Nasdaq-listed Gemini Space Station, Inc., and only Gemini customers can create or redeem it for dollars.

Ripple USD (RLUSD)
Ripple USD (RLUSD) is a US dollar stablecoin backed by cash, short-term US Treasuries and government money market funds, and it runs on the XRP Ledger, Ethereum and several Ethereum-compatible networks. It is issued by Standard Custody & Trust Company, LLC, a New York trust company owned by Ripple Labs, and it is a separate asset from XRP.

Tether (USDT)
Tether (USDT) is the US dollar stablecoin issued by the Tether group, whose customer-facing entity is Tether International, S.A. de C.V. in El Salvador. Each token is meant to be backed by reserves worth $1, but only verified Tether customers can redeem directly, with a $100,000 minimum, so most people buy and sell USDT on exchanges.

USD Coin (USDC)
USDC (USD Coin) is a US dollar stablecoin issued by Circle. Its reserves are held mostly in a BlackRock-managed money market fund and partly as cash at large banks, and it runs on 38 blockchains. Only vetted businesses with a Circle Mint account can mint or redeem USDC directly, so most people buy and sell it through exchanges and apps.





